Yarn is a kind of textile, raw material before making to final ready wear, which is processed into products of a certain fineness with various textile fibers. Due to different yarn types and classification. It is used for weaving, rope making, thread making, knitting and embroidery, etc.
Yarns are generally used to knit wool sweaters, wool pants, wool vests, scarves, hats and gloves, and other clothing items and accessories. It’s not just use to keep warm as functional in winter now, also use as decoration nowadays.
There are different yarn types & classification, We can simply know them in below 6 ways.
1 Yarn divided by spinning process
Combed Yarn: Yarn spun through the combing process. Compared with carded yarn, it uses better materials, the fibers are straight and parallel, the yarn quality and the fineness is finer.
Carded yarn: Yarn spun by ordinary spinning process. Also called carded yarn, cotton spinning and wool spinning are slightly different.
2 According to the fiber length of the yarn
Filament Yarn: A yarn formed by combining, twisting, or texturing one or more continuous filaments.
Short fiber yarn: The short fiber is twisted and spun into a yarn with a certain fineness, which can be divided into three types.
① Cotton-type yarn: pure or blended yarn made from raw cotton or cotton-type fibers on cotton spinning equipment.
② Medium and long fiber yarn: It is made of medium and long fibers in cotton spinning or special equipment.
③ Wool-type yarn: Yarn processed by pure spinning or blending of wool fiber or wool-type fiber on wool spinning equipment.
Combination of filament and staple fiber yarn: Yarn spun by special methods of staple fiber and filament, such as core-spun yarn, wrapping yarn, etc.
3 According to the fiber types that make up the yarn
Pure spinning: Yarn spun from one fiber is called pure spinning. Named with the word “pure” and the fiber name, such as pure polyester yarn, pure cotton yarn, etc.
Blended Yarn: Yarn spun from a blend of two or more fibers.
The naming rule of blended yarn is: when the blending ratio of raw materials is different, the larger ratio is first; when the ratio is the same, it is arranged in the order of natural fiber, synthetic fiber and regenerated fiber. When writing, write the raw material ratio and fiber type together, and separate the raw material and ratio with a semicolon “/”. Such as polyester/cotton (65/35) yarn, wool/acrylic (50/50) yarn, polyester/viscose (50/50) yarn, etc.
Twisted yarn: a yarn made of two or more single yarns of different fibers or different colors.
4 Yarns are classified by dyeing and finishing
Primary-colored yarn: yarn that retains the original color of the fiber without any dyeing and finishing.
Bleached Yarn: Yarn that has been bleached and has a whiter color. Usually refers to cotton yarn and linen yarn.
Dyed Yarn: Yarn that has been dyed and has various colors.
Colored yarn: Yarn spun from colored fibers.
Singeing yarn: yarn with a smoother surface after singeing processing.
Mercerized yarn: including mercerized cotton yarn and mercerized wool yarn. The mercerized cotton yarn is treated with a certain concentration of lye to make the yarn have silky luster and high strength; the mercerized wool yarn is to remove the scales of the fibers in the wool yarn, making the yarn soft and too irritating to the skin.
5 According to yarn density
Cotton yarn is subdivided into thick special (number) yarn, medium special (number) yarn, fine (number) yarn and extra fine (number) yarn.
Coarse yarn: refers to the yarn whose linear density is above 32tex.
Medium and special yarn: refers to the yarn with a linear density of 31-21tex.
Fine special yarn: refers to the yarn with a linear density of 11~20tex or more.
Ultra-fine special yarn: refers to the yarn with a linear density of 10tex and below.
6 According to the structure and shape of the yarn
Yarn is composed of textile fibers, continuous long strips with certain mechanical properties, fineness and softness. The so-called “yarn” is actually a general term for “yarn” and “thread”.
Generally defined as: Yarn is a continuous thread-like object made of various textile fibers, which is thin and soft, and has the basic properties required for textile processing and the use of final products.
In textiles, “yarn” and “thread” are defined separately.
“yarn” is the arrangement of many short fibers or filaments in a nearly parallel state, which is rotated and twisted along the axial direction to form a certain strength and thread density products, while “threads” are products that are twisted by two or more single yarns, which are called threads or strands.
Yarn can be divided into different types according to different classification basis.
According to the structure and shape of the yarn, it can be roughly divided into 10 kinds of yarns:
Mono filament: Refers to a long continuous mono filament.
Multi filament: refers to a bundle of two or more mono filaments combined together.
Twisted Yarn: Yarn formed by twisting multi filament yarns.
Composite twisted yarn: The twisted yarn is combined and twisted one or more times to form a composite twisted yarn.
Textured yarn: The chemical fiber precursor is deformed to make it have appearance characteristics such as curling, spiral, and loop. The purpose of processing is to increase the bulkiness, stretch ability and elasticity of the craftsman. According to the performance characteristics of the shape capture, there are usually three types of elastic yarn, bulk yarn and network yarn.
Single Yarn: A single continuous sliver formed by warp spinning of staple fibers.
Strand: Two or more single yarns are combined and twisted to form. If it is formed by merging two single yarns, it is called double-strand yarn, and three or more yarns are called multi-strand yarn. The strands are then combined and twisted to become a multi-twisted strand.
Fancy thread: yarn with special appearance and color made by special process, including fancy thread and floral decoration thread. It is formed by twisting core yarn, decorative yarn and fixed yarn on a color twisting machine. The surface has fiber knots, slubs, loops, braids, spirals, waves and other special appearance shapes or colors.
Bulked yarn: Bulked yarn is a plump yarn with high softness processed by utilizing the heat shrink ability (thermo plasticity) of proline fiber. The low-shrinkage and high-shrinkage aliphatic fibers are mixed in a certain proportion to make yarn, and then relax and heat-set. In this way, the high-shrinkage fibers shrink greatly to form the core of the yarn, and the low-shrinkage fibers shrink less and are extruded on the surface to form an arc, thereby producing a fluffy yarn.
Core-spun yarn: a yarn formed by using filament or short-fiber yarn as the core and outsourcing other fibers or yarns.
The end
Choose the right yarn for your clothing is important, if you don’t know how to choose, find the right supplier and take advise from them. If there is any comments, please feel free to contact us.